First, let me say this is a great question and I think you really have the proper perspective in regards to what you need to do to deal with having ENS. Looking for constructive solutions/treatments is a big part of what we need to do to overcome this.

As you allude to in your question, there really are two main areas that regenerative medicine needs to address. I know that in a previous post I mentioned not to get too hung up on ENS vs ENS type, but this is a scenario where from a high level there is some distinction that needs to be made. For those with full ENS with turbinates completely missing, there really need to be some emphasis on complete regeneration of turbinates similar to something like growing a new organ. There needs to be a way to regenerate the bone, submucosa as well as mucosa. This is obviously a more difficult but important task.

For ENS-type, it is somewhat different. In this case, I don't think it is necessary to determine what exact percentage classifies as ENS vs ENS-type, but consider people that have at least some to most of their turbinate tissue remaining. In this case, the emphasis is on regenerating (or healing) the existing turbinate. It is not simply a matter of enlarging the turibinate although this may be necessary for some, as emlargement can already be done with Alloderm or Cymetra (or other substances). For some people, this provides a significant improvement and for others it does not. What has to happen for many with ENS-type is that they need improvement with moisture and sensing the air. Some people think it means the mucosa has to be healed and others think it is a matter of regenerating damaged nerves. IMHO, it is not as simple as fixing either of those but ability to fix both. I think that there is a connection with the mucosa health in ability to sense air and then an issue with transmitting that sensation to the nerves. So I think the mucosa needs some regeneration from atrophy. I think a big part of the underlying issue is scar tissue within the turbinate. I think the scar hinders vascularization to provide nutrients to the mucosa as well as hinders nerves to grow into the scarred part of the turbinate so that the nerves can transmit the sensation from the mucosa. Since we know that some people with turbinates fully removed, do not have ENS, there is the hope that by improving the overall mucsoa and nerve system, that these techniques may translate into a way to help some with full ENS. So in brief, I think there is a big emphasis on the need to heal scar tissue which may be enough for some people to help heal the mucosa and nerves. But some people may also need additional help with things like growth factors that help to improve vascularization of the mucosa/submucosa and for things like EPO which we hope will improve nerve regeneration.