I have an update on these inserts: A quick look at a CT scan shows a tall thin narrow passage way. When you widen it, you drop the pressure and interaction with your tissue. What I would now like to add is this: That I have confirmed the presence of the "Naso-Pulmonary reflex". I found it on wikipedia, and it basically says that feedback from the nasal mucosa via the trigeminal nerve triggers the brain to "deepen the inhale", the communication w/ diaphragm etc. This is NOT theory, it is fact and I proved it recently. First my clips were fairly successful, and enough so to make a real difference but recently, I was messing around with various combinations and I finally FOR SURE triggered that reflex. I slept REALLY well, I got up and realized that I was in and out for a while, that I was dreaming (which hardly ever happens) and that each breath was actually a joy. I could really feel it big time and I could also feel how that sensation triggered a deeper and coordinated breath and how natural and pleasing it felt and how connected it was with sleep as I was able to go back repeatedly over and over. Now mind you, this is not a cure but these clips help. Getting the exact location and size takes a lot of trial and effort. Also, sadly that exact banner day was a highpoint that has not been seen again. The nose is a dynamic structure so having some mechanical stuff in there helps and may feel good for a while but over time the nose changes, maybe mucosa gets tired etc, sides swell and go down etc so one blanket mechanical system is not going to be dynamic. I can however say that I feel better with a clip all day, and I would say on a misery scale of "0" being a perfect person with NO thoughts of even having a nose and a "10" being ENS hell, I would say it takes me down 1-3 numbers fluctuating, and besides that one super result I have had 3-4 more decent results where it is obvious that feedback is engaging. In my case I made what I call a septum clip that goes on your septum and fits up high on the septum. It goes into or right up to the nasal valve and has a rounded section at the ends which 1) adds a little resistance, 2) changes the flow characteristics from laminar to turbulent, 3) redirects toward where you can sense air. I have read studies that were "hypothesizing" that you do NOT want laminar flow. It comes in laminar but you want your heads of the ITs to be the leading edge that distributes that flow from laminar into a large spray turbulent spray pattern that then interacts with those thin walls in the nasal system. In this recent "miracle day" I not only had the septum clip on but a second different style insert that blocks the bottom of the nose forcing all inhaled air to be directed at what heads I have left. That sprays the flow out all through the nose. All I am saying is that I've read 2 areas that "hypothesized" and due to my unfortunate condition of being just beyond the edge, I have actually verified for myself first hand, FOR SURE.... NO BS. It does indeed work that way. Many of you may in fact have some amount of sensing capability left but due to misdirected flow and over-widened cavities just can't sense. There is something to be gained messing with flow using my clips. Do investigate for yourselves and report back. Good luck and thanks for many great posts. I am now looking hard at stem cells. Parker